diff --git a/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de64cd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10.0)
+project(test_task_plan_execute)
+include(FetchContent)
+if (MSVC)
+    add_compile_options(/utf-8)
+endif()
+FetchContent_Declare(
+  googletest
+  URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/03597a01ee50ed33e9dfd640b249b4be3799d395.zip
+)
+# For Windows: Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker settings
+set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include)
+
+include(CTest)
+enable_testing()
+
+add_executable(test_task_plan_execute test_app.cpp ../src/app.cpp)
+
+target_link_libraries(test_task_plan_execute gtest gmock gtest_main)
+include(GoogleTest)
+gtest_discover_tests(test_task_plan_execute)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_app.cpp b/tests/test_app.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88be73c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_app.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include "app.hpp"
+#include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+
+using namespace bmp;
+
+// 注意：generateId, now, timeToString 为文件内部 static 函数，
+// 具有内部链接属性，无法在外部测试文件中直接访问和测试。
+// 根据 C++ 单元测试最佳实践及编译错误反馈，移除对它们的直接测试。
+
+TEST(EventServiceTest, testReceiveEventNormal) {
+    EventService svc;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(svc.receiveEvent("<event>test</event>"));
+}
+
+TEST(EventServiceTest, testSendAckNormal) {
+    EventService svc;
+    svc.receiveEvent("<event>test</event>");
+    auto events = svc.getPendingEvents();
+    std::string ack = svc.sendAck(events[0].id);
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, ack.find("ACK:"));
+}
+
+TEST(EventServiceTest, testGetRawEventNormal) {
+    EventService svc;
+    svc.receiveEvent("<event>test</event>");
+    auto events = svc.getPendingEvents();
+    const Event* evt = svc.getRawEvent(events[0].id);
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, evt);
+}
+
+TEST(EventServiceTest, testProcessEventNormal) {
+    EventService svc;
+    svc.receiveEvent("<event>test</event>");
+    auto events = svc.getPendingEvents();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(svc.processEvent(events[0].id));
+    const Event* evt = svc.getRawEvent(events[0].id);
+    EXPECT_EQ(EventStatus::PROCESSING, evt->status);
+}
+
+TEST(EventServiceTest, testSaveStandardEvent) {
+    EventService svc;
+    Event evt;
+    evt.id = "EVT_001";
+    evt.status = EventStatus::ACCEPTED;
+    svc.saveStandardEvent(evt);
+    const Event* res = svc.getRawEvent("EVT_001");
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(EventStatus::ACCEPTED, res->status);
+}
+
+TEST(EventServiceTest, testQueryEventsFilter) {
+    EventService svc;
+    svc.receiveEvent("<event>test</event>");
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> filters;
+    filters["status"] = "PENDING";
+    auto res = svc.queryEvents(filters);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(res.empty());
+}
+
+TEST(EventServiceTest, testGetPendingEvents) {
+    EventService svc;
+    svc.receiveEvent("<event>test</event>");
+    auto res = svc.getPendingEvents();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(res.empty());
+}
+
+TEST(TemplateServiceTest, testReceiveTemplatesNormal) {
+    TemplateService svc;
+    std::string data = "<id>T1</id>\n<name>Template1</name>\n</template>";
+    size_t count = svc.receiveTemplates(data);
+    EXPECT_GT(count, 0);
+}
+
+TEST(TemplateServiceTest, testGetTemplateList) {
+    TemplateService svc;
+    svc.receiveTemplates("<id>T1</id>\n<name>Template1</name>\n</template>");
+    auto list = svc.getTemplateList();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(list.empty());
+}
+
+TEST(TemplateServiceTest, testSelectTemplateNormal) {
+    TemplateService svc;
+    svc.receiveTemplates("<id>T1</id>\n<name>Template1</name>\n</template>");
+    EXPECT_TRUE(svc.selectTemplate("T1"));
+}
+
+TEST(TemplateServiceTest, testRecommendTemplate) {
+    TemplateService svc;
+    svc.receiveTemplates("<id>T1</id>\n<name>Template1</name>\n<scenario>RECON</scenario>\n</template>");
+    std::string rec = svc.recommendTemplate("RECON");
+    EXPECT_EQ("T1", rec);
+}
+
+TEST(TemplateServiceTest, testGetConfig) {
+    TemplateService svc;
+    auto cfg = svc.getConfig();
+    EXPECT_EQ("enabled", cfg["version_check"]);
+}
+
+TEST(PlanServiceTest, testGenerateTaskNormal) {
+    PlanService svc;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> params;
+    std::string planId = svc.generateTask("EVT1", "TPL1", params);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(planId.empty());
+}
+
+TEST(PlanServiceTest, testSubmitTask) {
+    PlanService svc;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> params;
+    std::string planId = svc.generateTask("EVT1", "TPL1", params);
+    TaskPlan plan = svc.submitTask(planId);
+    EXPECT_EQ(PlanStatus::CONFIRMED, plan.status);
+}
+
+TEST(PlanServiceTest, testGetPlanList) {
+    PlanService svc;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> params;
+    svc.generateTask("EVT1", "TPL1", params);
+    auto list = svc.getPlanList();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(list.empty());
+}
+
+TEST(PlanServiceTest, testSortPlans) {
+    PlanService svc;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> params;
+    svc.generateTask("EVT1", "TPL1", params);
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, int> weights = {{"priority", 1}, {"time", 1}};
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(svc.sortPlans(weights));
+}
+
+TEST(PlanServiceTest, testReconfigurePlan) {
+    PlanService svc;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> params;
+    std::string planId = svc.generateTask("EVT1", "TPL1", params);
+    std::vector<PlanNode> newNodes;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(svc.reconfigurePlan(planId, newNodes));
+}
+
+TEST(PlanServiceTest, testNotifyHITL) {
+    PlanService svc;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> params;
+    std::string planId = svc.generateTask("EVT1", "TPL1", params);
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(svc.notifyHITL(planId, "Test message"));
+}
+
+TEST(DistributionServiceTest, testDistributePlan) {
+    DistributionService svc;
+    auto logs = svc.distributePlan("PLAN1");
+    EXPECT_EQ(3, logs.size());
+}
+
+TEST(DistributionServiceTest, testReceiveAck) {
+    DistributionService svc;
+    auto logs = svc.distributePlan("PLAN1");
+    EXPECT_TRUE(svc.receiveAck(logs[0].logId, DistributionResponse::ACK));
+}
+
+TEST(DistributionServiceTest, testUpdateStatus) {
+    DistributionService svc;
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(svc.updateStatus("PLAN1"));
+}
+
+TEST(DistributionServiceTest, testGetLogsByPlan) {
+    DistributionService svc;
+    svc.distributePlan("PLAN1");
+    auto logs = svc.getLogsByPlan("PLAN1");
+    EXPECT_EQ(3, logs.size());
+}
+
+TEST(StatusMonitorServiceTest, testReceiveTelemetry) {
+    StatusMonitorService svc;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data(20, 0);
+    auto log = svc.receiveTelemetry(data);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(log.assetId.empty());
+}
+
+TEST(StatusMonitorServiceTest, testParseDataTooShort) {
+    StatusMonitorService svc;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data(5, 0);
+    auto log = svc.parseData(data);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(log.isAbnormal);
+}
+
+TEST(StatusMonitorServiceTest, testTriggerAlarm) {
+    StatusMonitorService svc;
+    StatusLog log;
+    log.isAbnormal = true;
+    log.assetId = "AST_1";
+    log.detailInfo = "Error";
+    std::string alarm = svc.triggerAlarm(log);
+    EXPECT_NE(std::string::npos, alarm.find("[ALARM]"));
+}
+
+TEST(StatusMonitorServiceTest, testGetLatestStatus) {
+    StatusMonitorService svc;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data(20, 0);
+    svc.receiveTelemetry(data);
+    auto log = svc.getLatestStatus("AST_0");
+    EXPECT_EQ("AST_0", log.assetId);
+}
+
+TEST(StatusMonitorServiceTest, testCheckStaleData) {
+    StatusMonitorService svc;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data(20, 0);
+    svc.receiveTelemetry(data);
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(svc.checkStaleData(0));
+}
+
+TEST(BattlefieldMissionPlannerTest, testConstructor) {
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(BattlefieldMissionPlanner planner);
+}
+
+TEST(BattlefieldMissionPlannerTest, testInitialize) {
+    BattlefieldMissionPlanner planner;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(planner.initialize());
+}
+
+TEST(BattlefieldMissionPlannerTest, testRun) {
+    BattlefieldMissionPlanner planner;
+    EXPECT_NO_THROW(planner.run());
+}